Benefits

=Vermicomposting benefits=

- main goal producing vermicompost and waste recycling (kinds of waste)

- closed cycle restaurant : give vegetable food waste to the worms, worms to chicken and fishes, vermicompost to grow vegetables and fruits

- Domestic, Farming & Recycling areas

A. The product : vermicompost & vermiliquid
1) fertilizer : - 100% organic fertilizer - In addition to chemical fertilizer, can boost production up to 120% - hormone-like activity of humic acids from the vermicomposts - Transplant quality was improved in peppers and eggplants

2) conditioner

3) structure Castings are pH neutral and well aggregated in structure. Vermicompost has excellent structure, porosity, aeration, drainage and moisture-holding capacity.

**B. Vermicomposting activity**
- reduce odour in kitchen trash bin (Domestic) - reduce waste weight and waste transport cost for municipal services for domestic composting (Domestic, Recycling) - recycling useful part of waste from food and farming - conservate and enrich manure (Farming)

**C. The worms themselves**
- a source of protein for livestock (e.g. chicken) and fish culture - livebait for fishing, but not Eisenia Foetida (bad smell and can't survive)

**D. Worms' activity depollution**
1) organic : - eliminate pathogen harmful to humans (e.g.: Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., faecal coliform bacteria) from manure (livestock, human), avoiding contamination of water - control plant parasitic nematode population - The extracted body fluid of earthworm called 'vermiwash' (Kale, 1998) has shown the formation of inhibitory zones for some plant pathogens in Petri plates at the point of its application (Shobha, 2005). Vermiwash on using as component of nutrient media in tissue culture has given good response of callus growth (Das, 2005, personal communication).

2) chemical : reduced heavy metal bioconcentration Vermicompost has a lower bioavailable heavy metal content than conventional compost.